pH

1.      What is PH?

The pH is a measure if how acidic or basic the solution is.

2.What are PH values?

The pH scale generally ranges from 0 to 14.

• ·         The acid solutions have lower pH values.
• ·         The basic solutions have higher pH values.
• ·         A Solution with a pH of 0 is highly acidic.
• ·         A solution that has a pH of 7 is neutral.
• ·         A solution with pH of 14 is extremely basic.

Do these values depend on something?  Explain your answers.

The pH of a solution is directly related to its concentrations of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions.

• ·         The acid solutions have more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions.
• ·         The basic solutions have more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions.
• ·         The neutral solutions have equal numbers of two ions.

3. Check Chart 3.20 about acids and bases.

What can you explain about it?

The pH scale is not a simple linear scale like mass o volumen.

A change of a 1 pH unit represents a tenfold change in the acidity of the solution.

4. What is Neutralization?  Give examples.

Neutralization is the interaction that occurs between acid and bases in which the properties of each are canceled out by the other.

When one hydronium ion reacts with one hydroxide ion, the product is simply two water molecules. This reaction occurs during acid-base neutralization, in which equal numbers of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions react to produce water.

In the case of an antacid that contains magnesium hydroxide , the excess hydrochloric acid combines with magnesium hydroxide to form water and magnesium chloride. Water is neutral. Magnesium chloride, the other substance formed, is neither an acid nor a base.